The annual Berlin International Film Festival (Berlinale) with around 500,000 admissions is considered to be the largest publicly attended film festival in the world. [250] and was one of the hosts of the FIBA EuroBasket 2015. Furthermore, Berlin is classified as a temperate continental climate (Dc) under the Trewartha climate scheme, as well as the suburbs of New York City, although the Kppen system puts them in different types. [citation needed] During World War II, large parts of Berlin were destroyed during 194345 Allied air raids and the 1945 Battle of Berlin. The East Berlin system which inherited the Hauptelegraphenamt, the central hub of the system, was in operation until 1976. Forty-seven elite athletes participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics. [73] The Mggelberge at 114.7 meters (376ft) elevation is the highest natural point and the lowest is the Spektesee in Spandau, at 28.1 meters (92ft) elevation. [64] Due to the fall in passenger numbers resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, plans were announced to temporarily close BER's Terminal 5, the former Schnefeld Airport, beginning in March 2021 for up to one year. The Gemldegalerie (Painting Gallery) focuses on the paintings of the "old masters" from the 13th to the 18th centuries, while the Neue Nationalgalerie (New National Gallery, built by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe) specializes in 20th-century European painting. The nearby New Synagogue is the center of Jewish culture. In addition to the university-affiliated libraries, the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin is a major research library. The three largest universities combined have approximately 103,000 enrolled students. [108], According to the 2011 census, approximately 37 percent of the population reported being members of a legally-recognized church or religious organization. The annual Berlin Festival focuses on indie rock, electronic music and synthpop and is part of the International Berlin Music Week. Located in Mitte, KW Institute for Contemporary Art, KOW, Sprth Magers; Kreuzberg there are a few galleries as well such as Blain Southern, Esther Schipper, Future Gallery, Knig Gallerie. In the mid-1950s, it was closed to vehicles, and after the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, pedestrian traffic was heavily restricted. The largest visitor groups are from Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain and the United States. Many new buildings have been inspired by their historical predecessors or the general classical style of Berlin, such as Hotel Adlon. The city is also home of the German Film Academy (Deutsche Filmakademie), founded in 2003, and the European Film Academy, founded in 1988. The name Berlin has its roots in the language of West Slavic inhabitants of the area of today's Berlin, and may be related to the Old Polabian stem berl-/birl- ("swamp"). [138] Within the Eurozone, Berlin has become a center for business relocation and international investments. [103] 48 percent of the residents under the age of 15 have migration background. Large parts of the boroughs Reinickendorf and Pankow lie on the Barnim Plateau, while most of the boroughs of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, Steglitz-Zehlendorf, Tempelhof-Schneberg, and Neuklln lie on the Teltow Plateau. It is now possible to walk around through your everyday life smelling like a Berlin techno club. [94] To the west of Potsdamer Platz is the Kulturforum, which houses the Gemldegalerie, and is flanked by the Neue Nationalgalerie and the Berliner Philharmonie. Some of the city's electric energy is imported from nearby power plants in southern Brandenburg.[179]. Its musical director is Daniel Barenboim. As of 2018, the three largest banks headquartered in the capital were Deutsche Kreditbank, Landesbank Berlin and Berlin Hyp.[147]. Clusters of towers rise at various locations: Potsdamer Platz, the City West, and Alexanderplatz, the latter two delineating the former centers of East and West Berlin, with the first representing a new Berlin of the 21st century, risen from the wastes of no-man's land of the Berlin Wall. [184], The Franzsisches Gymnasium Berlin, which was founded in 1689 to teach the children of Huguenot refugees, offers (German/French) instruction. [62][63], Berlin Brandenburg Airport (BER) opened in 2020, nine years later than planned, with Terminal 1 coming into service at the end of October, and flights to and from Tegel Airport ending in November. The unemployment rate reached a 24-year low in November 2015 and stood at 10.0%. The World Health Summit and several international health-related conventions are held annually in Berlin. Potsdamer Platz is an entire quarter built from scratch after the Wall came down. In 2009, approximately 249,000 Muslims were reported by the Office of Statistics to be members of Mosques and Islamic religious organizations in Berlin,[112] while in 2016, the newspaper Der Tagesspiegel estimated that about 350,000 Muslims observed Ramadan in Berlin. The Strae des 17. [239] It was the home of the captive-born celebrity polar bear Knut. [129], The Federal Chancellery building, seat of the Chancellor of Germany, Schloss Bellevue, seat of the President of Germany, Prussian House of Lords, the seat of the Bundesrat of Germany, Headquarters of the Federal Intelligence Service. [57] Berlin was completely divided.
Mercedes-Benz Group manufactures cars, and BMW builds motorcycles in Berlin. Turkish and Arab immigrants brought their culinary traditions to the city, such as the lahmajoun and falafel, which have become common fast food staples. John F. Kennedy gave his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech on June 26, 1963, in front of the Schneberg city hall, located in the city's western part, underlining the US support for West Berlin. [11] Berlin's second-largest and most popular park, the Groer Tiergarten, is located right in the center of the city. Following German reunification in 1990, Berlin once again became the capital of all of Germany. [164] With 377 cars per 1000 residents in 2013 (570/1000 in Germany), Berlin as a Western global city has one of the lowest numbers of cars per capita. [224][225] Every year Berlin hosts one of the largest New Year's Eve celebrations in the world, attended by well over a million people.
Among famous streets, Unter den Linden and Friedrichstrae are found in the city's old city centre (and were included in the former East Berlin). The sector comprises music, film, advertising, architecture, art, design, fashion, performing arts, publishing, R&D, software,[152] TV, radio, and video games. The KitKatClub and several other locations are known for their sexually uninhibited parties. Almost 2.0million households were counted in the city. The protests of the town citizens against the building culminated in 1448, in the "Berlin Indignation" ("Berliner Unwille"). The neighborhoods have no local government bodies. Apart from the Museum Island, there are many additional museums in the city. [150] Some of these congress events take place on venues such as CityCube Berlin or the Berlin Congress Center (bcc). This is such an interesting, out of the box idea and we are oh no curious as to how it will smell. In 1933, Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party came to power. Berlin is the most populous city proper in the European Union. In 1685, after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France, the city responded with the Edict of Potsdam, which guaranteed religious freedom and tax-free status to French Huguenot refugees for ten years. A well-preserved specimen of Tyrannosaurus rex and the early bird Archaeopteryx are at display as well. [207], The Jewish Museum has a standing exhibition on two millennia of German-Jewish history. Clln on the Fischerinsel is first mentioned in a 1237 document, and Berlin, across the Spree in what is now called the Nikolaiviertel, is referenced in a document from 1244. German is one of 24 languages of the European Union,[107] and one of the three working languages of the European Commission. Clim Change 92: 99107, Germany's third-largest metropolitan region, an unsuccessful attempt to unify both states in 1996, heat stored by the city's buildings and pavement, Evangelical Church of Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia (EKBO), Member states of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Union of Evangelical Free Church Congregations in Germany, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Berlin's 12 boroughs and their 96 neighborhoods, List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany, Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth, Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, International Congress and Convention Association, largest power plants measured by capacity, Universities and research institutions in Berlin, Berlin University of Applied Sciences and Technology, European Institute of Innovation and Technology, "Amt fr Statistik Berlin Brandenburg Statistiken", "Statistischer Bericht: Einwohnerinnen und Einwohner im Land Berlin am 31. [53] After the end of the war in Europe in May 1945, Berlin received large numbers of refugees from the Eastern provinces. [136], Berlin is one of the knowledge and innovation communities (KIC) of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT). About 500 top athletes (15% of all German top athletes) are based there. Each borough is governed by a borough council (Bezirksamt) consisting of five councilors (Bezirksstadtrte) including the borough's mayor (Bezirksbrgermeister). German international public broadcaster Deutsche Welle has its TV production unit in Berlin, and most national German broadcasters have a studio in the city including ZDF and RTL. There are seven symphony orchestras in Berlin. , @shoompress , , Une publication partage par Holynose Parfums (@holynoseparfums) le 12 Nov. 2019 8 :00 PST. [247] The city hosted the 1936 Summer Olympics and was the host city for the 2006 FIFA World Cup final. [160] According to the 2019 study by Forschungsinstitut Prognos, Berlin was ranked number 92 of all 401 regions in Germany. [163] A total of 979 bridges cross 197km (122mi) of inner-city waterways. Berlin's executive body is the Senate of Berlin (Senat von Berlin). [134], Important economic sectors in Berlin include life sciences, transportation, information and communication technologies, media and music, advertising and design, biotechnology, environmental services, construction, e-commerce, retail, hotel business, and medical engineering. A private museum venture exhibits a comprehensive documentation of detailed plans and strategies devised by people who tried to flee from the East. Adjacent to this area is the Rotes Rathaus (City Hall), with its distinctive red-brick architecture. Die Afrikaner kommen Nachrichten Welt am Sonntag Welt Online", "Zweites Afrika-Magazin "Afrikanisches Viertel" erschienen Bezirksbrgermeister Dr. Christian Hanke ist Schirmherr", "457 000 Auslnder aus 190 Staaten in Berlin gemeldet", "Fast jeder Dritte in Berlin hat einen Migrationshintergrund", "Migration: Berlin will illegalen Einwanderern helfen Deutschland Politik Tagesspiegel", "Zahl der Auslnder in Berlin steigt auf Rekordhoch", "Studie Zwei Millionen Berliner sprechen mindestens zwei Sprachen Wirtschaft Berliner Morgenpost Berlin", "Zensus 2011 Bevlkerung und Haushalte Bundesland Berlin", "Ramadan in Flchtlingsheimen und Schulen in Berlin", "Wird der Islam knftig die strkste Religion in Berlin sein? [135], Research and development have economic significance for the city. [Event Review] Marshmello Makes Long Awaited Debut at Brooklyn Mirage, Senate Approves Bill To Make Daylight Savings Permanent, 20,000 Coconuts Filled With Cocaine Seized By Colombian Police. East Berlin's partnerships were canceled at the time of German reunification but later partially reestablished. [78][77], Due to its transitional climate zones, frosts are common in winter, and there are larger temperature differences between seasons than typical for many oceanic climates. [96] The entire Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has a population of more than 6million in an area of 30,546km2 (11,794sqmi). The city's main venue for musical theater performances are the Theater am Potsdamer Platz and Theater des Westens (built in 1895). Berlin has more than 80 mosques,[118] ten synagogues,[119] and two Buddhist temples. [45] Following France's victory in the War of the Fourth Coalition, Napoleon Bonaparte marched into Berlin in 1806, but granted self-government to the city. The Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) and the Deutsche Bahn (DB) manage several extensive urban public transport systems.[168]. [65] The connecting link of U-Bahn line U5 from Alexanderplatz to Hauptbahnhof, along with the new stations Rotes Rathaus and Unter den Linden, opened on 4 December 2020, with the Museumsinsel U-Bahn station expected to open around March 2021, which would complete all new works on the U5. [214] [228] The Kookaburra and the Quatsch Comedy Club are known for satire and comedy shows. Charlottenburg Palace, which was burnt out in the Second World War, is the largest historical palace in Berlin. It is therefore an example of canting arms. It also houses a multi-sensory spa experience. [81] Snowfall mainly occurs from December through March. The Fernsehturm (TV tower) at Alexanderplatz in Mitte is among the tallest structures in the European Union at 368m (1,207ft). Vehicles were registered under the following prefixes: "I A" (1906 April 1945; devalidated on 11 August 1945); no prefix, only digits (from July to August 1945), "" (=BG; 194546, for cars, trucks and busses), "" (=GF; 194546, for cars, trucks and busses), "M" (=BM; 194547, for motor bikes), "M" (=GM; 194547, for motor bikes), "KB" (i.e. [218][219] Today, in addition to a positive atmosphere in the wider club scene, the city again has a huge number of queer clubs and festivals. After the royal palace was finished in 1451, it gradually came into use. For several years Berlin has been recognized as a major center of business founders. All Rights Reserved. [31], In 1740, Frederick II, known as Frederick the Great (17401786), came to power. The site of Checkpoint Charlie, one of the most renowned crossing points of the Berlin Wall, is still preserved. The earliest evidence of settlements in the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated to 1174, found in excavations in Berlin Mitte,[27] and a wooden beam dated from approximately 1192. Albert Einstein rose to public prominence during his years in Berlin, being awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. Verlag CH Beck, 2010. However, some ministries, as well as some minor departments, stayed in the federal city Bonn, the former capital of West Germany. [74], Berlin has an oceanic climate (Kppen: Cfb);[75] the eastern part of the city has a slight continental influence (Dfb), one of the changes being the annual rainfall according to the air masses and the greater abundance during a period of the year.
The Greater Berlin Act in 1920 incorporated many suburbs and surrounding cities of Berlin. Due to the influence and international partnerships of the Federal Republic of Germany, the capital city has become a significant center of German and European affairs. [31][32], In 1415, Frederick I became the elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, which he ruled until 1440. [48] In 1871, Berlin became capital of the newly founded German Empire. The Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, a Holocaust memorial, is to the north.[95]. Juni, connecting the Brandenburg Gate and Ernst-Reuter-Platz, serves as the central eastwest axis. On 20 June 1991, the Bundestag (German Parliament) voted to move the seat of the German capital from Bonn to Berlin, which was completed in 1999. [142] In 2015, Berlin generated the most venture capital for young startup companies in Europe. Typical Berliner fare include popular street food like the Currywurst (which gained popularity with postwar construction workers rebuilding the city), Buletten and the Berliner donut, known in Berlin as Pfannkuchen. Some of the major streets in City West are Kurfrstendamm (or just Kudamm) and Kantstrae. [1] Berlin's economy is dominated by the service sector, with around 84% of all companies doing business in services. The Science and Business Park in Adlershof is the largest technology park in Germany measured by revenue. Berlin's nightlife has been celebrated as one of the most diverse and vibrant of its kind. The Berlin State Opera on Unter den Linden opened in 1742 and is the oldest of the three.
During the Cold War era, the partnerships had reflected the different power blocs, with West Berlin partnering with capitals in the Western World and East Berlin mostly partnering with cities from the Warsaw Pact and its allies. The city that never sleeps, or better yet, where you never have to sleep", "Art of Now Berlin's Nightlife BBC Sounds", "In the Capital of Electronic Music, Women Rule the Scene", "MICHELIN Guide, Germany, Berlin Restaurants", "Good Taste Award Winner 2015: Berlin, The New Vegetarian Capital", "Conscious Food Consumption at Berlin's Restlos Glcklich", "Spicy sausage that is worthy of a shrine in Berlin", "Chocolate Heaven at Fassbender & Rausch", "There's Nothing More German Than a Big, Fat Juicy Dner Kebab", "Peter Joseph Lenn, Senate Department of Urban Development", "Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin", "Melbourne retains ultimate sports city title", "Italy conquer the world as Germany wins friends", "Euroleague Final Four returns to Berlin in 2016", "Berlin, Germany selected to host the 2023 Special Olympics World Games", "500,000 spectators to watch the game together", "Der Landessportbund Berlin Mitglieder", "Berlin's swimming pools and bathing spots", Cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, States of the Federal Republic of Germany, states of the Federal Republic of Germany, Institutional seats of the European Union, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, American Foundation for AIDS Research (AMFAR), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language, Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Spanish Organization for the Blind (ONCE), Faceted Application of Subject Terminology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berlin&oldid=1099340817, Populated places established in the 13th century, 1230s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Articles with dead external links from June 2022, Articles with dead external links from July 2019, Articles with dead external links from December 2021, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Pages using infobox settlement with possible area code list, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Pages using multiple image with manual scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2021, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. All of the national governments based in Berlin the Kingdom of Prussia, the 2nd German Empire of 1871, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, East Germany, as well as the reunified Germany initiated ambitious reconstruction programs, with each adding its own distinctive style to the city's architecture. As of 2014[update], Berlin had 878 schools, teaching 340,658 students in 13,727 classes and 56,787 trainees in businesses and elsewhere. [128] Berlin is the seat of the German Chancellor (Prime Minister), housed in the Chancellery building, the Bundeskanzleramt. [185] The John F. Kennedy School, a bilingual GermanAmerican public school in Zehlendorf, is particularly popular with children of diplomats and the English-speaking expatriate community. First documented in the 13th century and at the crossing of two important historic trade routes,[12] Berlin became the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (14171701), the Kingdom of Prussia (17011918), the German Empire (18711918), the Weimar Republic (19191933), and Nazi Germany (19331945). [111] According to the Berlin residents register, in 2018 14.9 percent were members of the Evangelical Church, and 8.5 percent were members of the Catholic Church.
The Museum fr Naturkunde (Berlin's natural history museum) exhibits natural history near Berlin Hauptbahnhof. Furthermore, Berlin is the seat of many Orthodox cathedrals, such as the Cathedral of St. Boris the Baptist, one of the two seats of the Bulgarian Orthodox Diocese of Western and Central Europe, and the Resurrection of Christ Cathedral of the Diocese of Berlin (Patriarchate of Moscow). The Berliner Urstromtal (an ice age glacial valley), between the low Barnim Plateau to the north and the Teltow plateau to the south, was formed by meltwater flowing from ice sheets at the end of the last Weichselian glaciation. Similarly to other German cities, there is an increasing quantity of intercity bus services. The Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin are the largest World Heritage Site in Germany. [177] Riders are allowed to carry their bicycles on Regionalbahn, S-Bahn and U-Bahn trains, on trams, and on night buses if a bike ticket is purchased.[178]. Historically, 67 Nobel Prize winners are affiliated with the Berlin-based universities. Berlin and the surrounding state of Brandenburg are the warmest and driest regions in Germany. About one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers, canals and lakes. The city's appearance today has been predominantly shaped by the key role it played in Germany's history during the 20th century. The East Side Gallery is an open-air exhibition of art painted directly on the last existing portions of the Berlin Wall.
Much of this demolition was initiated by municipal architecture programs to build new business or residential districts and the main arteries. This is why most of the cities and villages in northeastern Germany bear Slavic-derived names (Germania Slavica). Through the disposal of construction debris they surpassed Teufelsberg (120.1m or 394ft), which itself was made up of rubble from the ruins of the Second World War. [156], According to Monocle, Berlin occupies the position of the 6th-most-livable city in the world. Berlin is the seat of the Roman Catholic archbishop of Berlin and EKBO's elected chairperson is titled the bishop of EKBO. It is also the 4th ranked region in former East Germany after Jena, Dresden and Potsdam.[161][162]. [28] The first written records of towns in the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century. [99] The last decade experienced an influx from various Western countries and some African regions. Yes, youve read it right. [30] The two towns over time formed close economic and social ties, and profited from the staple right on the two important trade routes Via Imperii and from Bruges to Novgorod. A large crypt houses the remains of some of the earlier Prussian royal family. [46] In 1815, the city became part of the new Province of Brandenburg. The metropolis is a popular tourist destination. The House of Representatives (Abgeordnetenhaus) functions as the city and state parliament, which has 141 seats. There are several joint projects with many other cities, such as Beirut, Belgrade, So Paulo, Copenhagen, Helsinki, Amsterdam, Johannesburg, Mumbai, Oslo, Hanoi, Shanghai, Seoul, Sofia, Sydney, New York City and Vienna.
Sitemap 27