0000004539 00000 n is short, where a smaller lead angle is desired, where the wall thickness demands a fine As a guideline, the higher the number, the stronger the steel. Hex bolts range in size from 1/4" to 4" in diameter; 1/4" to 1 1/2" sizes are commonly available. Coarse threaded fasteners have fewer threads per inch than fine threaded fasteners because coarse threads are farther apart. 0000001472 00000 n 0000007464 00000 n Generally speaking, stressed bolts in critical applications should not be reused. Therefore, be sure to adjust torque values accordingly to prevent overtightening a lubricated bolt. This makes their installation and removal a straightforward process, plus ensuring it is also easy to loosen or tighten hex bolts once they are in situ. (You and your friend will not be contacted or added to any email lists.). In addition, used hex bolts may produce a lower clamping force for the same torque value due to increased friction. For heavy hex bolts, it shall conform to ASTM A 307, Grade B. UN form screw threads: The UN Most commonly used class is 2 and this You may also find hex bolts made from other materials like brass, but this is less common. BS 1768, Grade: ASTM A307 Grade A, F1554 Grade 36 Privacy Policy, DIN 601 & ISO 4016 & CSN 21301 & EU 24016. IS1364, ISO 4014, ISO 4017, DIN 933, DIN 931, BS 1083, 0000004012 00000 n Use hardened flat washers with bolt Grades 5 and 8. (See More Information below for details about matching materials and stainless steel thread galling and seizing, and refer to our Tech Data section for more about materials.). in, if L LT + 2.5*pitch; and for d > 1 Portland Bolt manufactures hex bolts from 1/2 diameter through 2-1/2 diameter in most ASTM, AASHTO, and SAE specifications. is used in materials with low tensile strength which makes threads more ASTM Grade A307 is the lowest, in terms of both strength and cost followed by SAE Grade 2; SAE Grade 5 offers medium strength; and SAE Grade 8 is the highest SAE grade and is usually priced the highest as well. SIZES and LENGTHSThe size and length of inch series fastenersalso known as English, Imperial and U.S. Steel remains the least costly material followed by stainless steel; the copper alloys (such as brass and silicon bronze) are the most expensive. To find the minimum pitch diameter of the thread, visit 0000002639 00000 n Origin: Domestic and import As a result, it can be difficult to locate an accurate chart which covers a range of hex bolt types and sizes. Please enter your friend's name and email address, and your name and email address below. <<77104CA1E8365F46B48343620CDC9D1C>]>> 0000002993 00000 n Stainless steel hex bolts are susceptible to thread galling and seizing. Stainless steel is another popular choice for hex bolts thanks to its strong corrosion-resistant properties. Our machine screws guide provides everything you need to know about the types, sizes, and uses of a machine screw. It uses rotational force to drive the bolt firmly and securely into place, helping to provide easier entrance and exit into the material whilst also providing added grip. These bolts from ITA Fasteners are fully threaded and will come with a collar or Wing screws are generally used in construction applications to allow users to make direct adjustments and change calibrations. Larger sizes are not manufactured in short lengths, just as smaller sizes are not available in long lengths. Since it is made out of such strong materials, these high quality grade 8.8 bolts are often used in high-temperature environments like automotive parts assembly. Example hex bolt uses include hex head screws for wood, metal, and many other environments and scenarios. Since it is preferable for the bolt to break before the threads stripbecause a broken bolt is more easily discovered than diminishing clamping force as threads gradually stripthe nut should never be a lower grade than the hex bolt. Head markings identify the grades: A307 is usually identified as 307A or 307B, no lines is Grade 2, three radial lines 120 apart identifies the fastener as Grade 5, and six lines at 60 intervals are used for Grade 8. SUMMARYHex bolts are summarized in Table 5. This, however, is the minimum threaded length and manufacturers may thread the bolt substantially more. threads of this Fine Series have greater tensile stress area than comparable sizes of the dimensions are stated in inch units. Their primary use is for heavy-duty fixing and fastening applications. DESIGNATIONHex bolts are typically described as follows: NUTS and WASHERSWhen selecting a nut for use with a graded hex bolt, it is very important that the nut be the same grade as the bolt; one grade higher is also acceptable as one source states. ASME B18.2.1, JIS B1180, DIN 558, ISO 4018, DIN-EN14399-4, DIN 601, ISO 4016, CSN 21301, EU 24016, DIN 7968, DIN7990. - If either of the following conditions exists for the hex and heavy hex head bolt, the bolt shall be threaded for full length. This number indicates the outer diameter of the thread, measured in millimetres. Square, Hex, Hex flange, Round, T-head , Flat & Triangular etc, Square, Hex, Oval, Triangular & Knurled etc, Slotted, Phil, Torx , Hex socket, & square slot etc. As an example, a hex bolt with a thread size of M8 would have an outer diameter of 8mm. Unified Screw Thread: A thread (For more information about threads, visit our Tech Data section.) Short lengths are fully threaded while longer lengths follow a standard formula: for bolts 6" and shorter, the threaded length is two times the basic thread diameter plus 1/4", and for lengths greater than 6", two times the diameter plus 1/2". Hex bolts are used with hex nuts or a tapped hole. Hot dip galvanized, stainless steel and silicon bronze are usually recommended if the bolts will be used with pressure preservative treated wood such as "ACQ" (Alkaline Copper Quaternary)check local building codes and contact your lumber supplier for recommendations. - Unless otherwise specified, chemical and mechanical properties of steel hex bolts shall conform to ASTM A 307, Grade A. The Fine series is suitable when the resistance to stripping of both external The bolt should be long enough to allow at least two full threads to extend beyond the nut face after tightening, which ensures full thread engagement with the nut. Oberg, E. , Jones 1768 0 obj <>stream endstream endobj 1767 0 obj <>/Size 1753/Type/XRef>>stream Hex bolt is a bolt with a hexagonal head shape and generally used in construction - Dimensional tolerance for body (or shank) diameter and head height is tighter in hex cap screws. class is designed for general use. (An easy way to remember these SAE bolt grades is to add "2" to the number of lines: no lines + 2 = Grade 2; 3 lines + 2 = Grade 5; and 6 lines + 2 = Grade 8.) 0000007667 00000 n xref Bolt lengths 6: Thread length = (2 X diameter) + 1/4 Grade A307 hex bolts are made from low or medium carbon steel as is Grade 2, which is also cold worked; Grade 5 is from medium carbon steel, quenched and tempered; and Grade 8 is manufactured from medium carbon alloy steel, quenched and tempered. (More information about finishes can be found in our Tech Data section.). Include a message if you wish. Flat washers are used to increase the bearing surface of the bolt's head or nut thus spreading the clamping force over a larger area. The A2 version of the iso 4014 bolt material is manufactured from Stainless Steel grade 304, which is known for its Corrosion Resistant properties. This could include: During the erection, repair, and maintenance of buildings, bridges, and road infrastructure, Woodworking tasks such as fastening frames. Hex bolts from ITA Fasteners are mostly used in repair and construction work. Partially-threaded bolts provide strong levels of resistance. As for lock washers, which are often split (helical spring) type, use regular for Grade A307 and Grade 2 bolts and high alloy for Grades 5 and 8, although there was a period when the SAE did not recommend using split lock washers with Grade 8 bolts. Hex heads have six flat sides and are also called "6 point." And while bolts can fail from being overtightened, they can also fail by being undertightened. externally threaded member. Size refers to nominal diameter of the bolt while length is just thathow long the bolt is. Oberg, Refer to Table 1 for head width (width across flats), which is wrench size, and width across corners for each bolt size. startxref The size of the head varies with the size of the bolt. ,F.D. Nuclearpower, Windtower, Automotiveindustry, Railway, Electronic, Construction industry. Hex bolts (six sided heads) are the industry standard for fasteners with forged heads. - Bolts with "reduced body diameter", the body diameter shall not be smaller than the minimum pitch diameter of the thread and not exceed the minimum body diameter given in the results table. Hex Bolts are bolt fasteners with six sided hexagon head and externally threaded body. The fasteners used in structural Self Clinching Studs from ITA Fasteners are mostly used for fastening materials on to sheet metals. Head marking is often one or more letters and the number "9.". Although the A2 is mostly considered to be a non-magnetic austenitic stainless steel grade, some residual magnetism of the alloy can be introduced when the material of the ISO 4014 Bolts are cold worked. and mating internal threads equals or exceeds the tensile load carrying capacity of the Hex bolts are not pointed whereas hex cap screws have a chamfered (beveled) point to protect the first thread from damage and to facilitate entry into an internally threaded part such as a nut or tapped hole. The strengthoftheiso 4014 bolt m10x18is indicated by the marking on the head and it is also defined by the applicable product standard. The manufacturer will also include its own identifying head mark. These are as follows: The length of the bolt (measured from the end of the bolt up to under the head), Thread size (the size of the thread, typically using ISO metric or M-style measurements), Thread pitch (the number of threads per inch the finer the bolt, the more threads per inch and the higher the thread pitch). 0000002062 00000 n Various different types of hex bolts are available, each best suited to different applications and environments. Also, use only SAE pattern flat washers with Grade 5 and 8 bolts because, as it is explained, the oversized hole in USS washers is too large to properly support the bearing surface of the bolt's head and one washer size smaller will be too tight and may cause the head to fail. From 3/8" to 1", lengths are in 1/8" increments. Hex bolts can be categorised in a number of different ways chiefly their sizing, the material or finish used in their manufacture, and whether they are fully or partially threaded. UNC (Unified National Coarse): 0000002914 00000 n Hex bolts are a type of threaded bolt, characterised by their six-sided hexagonal-shaped head. There is a tight run out tolerance for this face defined in ASME B18.2.1. plain diameter gages for internal and external threads are covered in same Commercially, the steel quality used to manufacture of the iso 4014 grade 8.8 bolts includes grades A2andA4class70. Hot dip galvanized nuts are tapped oversize (threaded larger than normal) to accommodate the thick zinc coating on the boltsplain finish and zinc plated nuts will be much too tight on hot dip galvanized bolts and hot dip galvanized nuts will be much too loose on plain finish and zinc plated bolts. Since it is externally wrenched, sufficient space around the head must be allowed for a wrench or socket. The difference between hex bolt and heavy hex bolt is that heavy hex bolt has larger bolt head and head bearing area than hex bolt. As a result, there will be a reduction in clamping force as the washer yields. The following sections provide further detail on some of the key hex bolt types, giving you the knowledge you need in order to make a fully-informed buying decision. fasteners, Anchor Bolt and Construction Fastener Manufacturer, Portland Bolt & Manufacturing Company, LLC. At the same time, it is low strength, hygroscopic (absorbs moisture), which causes a change in dimensions, and can become brittle in hot, sunny environments. Although brass provides a high level of resistance against corrosion, it is usually more expensive so is often overlooked in favour of steel. Choosing the right-sized hex bolt for your task is important, and there are several factors to take into consideration when measuring hex bolt dimensions and sizes. A surface coating of clear or bluish chromate helps prevent the formation of "white rust," a dull white corrosion caused by moisture; zinc with clear chromate is usually a silver color and is referred to as "zinc plated" or simply "zinc." Similar to the A2, the A4-70 iso 4014 bolt material specification is an austenitic, acid proof stainless grade. An unthreaded shank (also known as grip length) joins the threaded shank and the head. Hexagonal head profile enables easy wrenching while putting enough torque to the bolting joint. Hex bolts are used to fasten two or more parts together to form an assembly either because it cannot be manufactured as a single part or to allow for maintenance and repair disassembly. Copyright 2001-2022 Fastener Mart, LLC. Length is measured from the underhead bearing surface to the extreme point (threaded end) of the bolt. %PDF-1.4 % Details of the five common ASTM and SAE grades and identification markings are shown in Table 2. , Horton H.L. Usually, the A4-70 is manufactured from stainless steel grade 316 material or its low carbon variant grade 316L. UNF (Unified National Fine): External Hex bolts can be used either in pre-tapped holes or with nuts, depending on the application. If, say, you are using a zinc plated hex bolt, use a zinc plated washer and zinc plated nut. , Ryffel H.H., (2012) . - There are different material options for hex bolt and hex cap screw: As a summary, hex cap screws are generally used in more precise applications due to better dimensional properties. Our guide is here to help you understand what self-drilling screws are, their uses, and the types available. Screw thread gauging systems for acceptability are covered in the ASME Some important notes from the ASME B18.2.1: - The diameter range of hex bolts is from inch to 4 inches according to Grade 9 hex bolts are generally accepted to be about 20% stronger than SAE Grade 8 bolts. More exposed threads within the grip (the area between the head and nut) will result in a "springier" bolt. Fully-Threaded Hex Bolts Fully-threaded hex bolts are threaded from the end of the bolt right up to the head. From 4" to 8", lengths usually increase by 1/2". Table 3 lists these characteristics for all material types. 1753 0 obj <> endobj By definition "A Bolt is a headed and externally threaded mechanical device designed for insertion through holes in assembled parts to mate with a nut and is normally intended to be tightened or released by turning that nut." Properly installed fully-threaded hex bolts are designed to spread the pressure across the full length of the bolt, providing a greater level of strength than partially-threaded alternatives. hex head bolts, cap screws, hex cap screws, hex head cap screws, machine bolts, hex machine bolts, hex head machine bolts and, if fully threaded, tap bolts, hex tap bolts and hex head tap bolts. They are available in a choice of types, sizes, materials and finishes, providing the freedom and flexibility to select the bolt best suited to your particular task or application. Eye bolts are a commonly used component in various construction. Instead, use a tapered dowel pin to first align the parts, then insert the bolt. stainless steel grade 316 has been cold worked to provide a minimum tensile iso 4014 bolt strength of 700 MPa. Understand what hex bolts are, their uses, how they work, their materials, and the different sizes available. (Also see below for the difference in point styles between the two.). Finish: Plainand hot dip galvanized. Contact us| Then click the Send button to send your friend an email. Additionally, different coatings and finishes are available. Consequently, the connection will not be as "tight" as with a new bolt. Hex bolts made from stainless steel can be used in either internal or external applications, but zinc-plated steel is another common alternative well-suited to indoor uses. The tensilestrength for both these steel grades is around700Mpa. MATERIALSCommon materials are steel (unplated and plated; see Finishes below), stainless steel, brass, silicon bronze, and nylon. Threads that produced with other production methods may be Unified inch coarse, fine, or 8 thread series (UNC, UNF, or UN-8.). within the specified tolerance values. After the stud is screwed and secured in the middle Copyright 2019 Industrial Tools Agency | All rights reserved. Also, use hot dip galvanized hex nuts with hot dip galvanized bolts. Hex bolts are typically manufactured from steel or stainless steel. The hexagon-shaped head ensures that it is easy to grip hex bolts from multiple angles, using different types of tool. - Its permissible to have die seam on the body of hex bolt 0000002690 00000 n Thread class: A classification system to classify the threads for "Jagged tears," created by both threading dies and lathes, are said to be stress raisers and a stress raiser can be a point of failure. Note: Most stock hex bolts 10 and longer will have 6 of thread. Between 1" and 4", 1/4" steps are common. Alternatively, stainless steel alloys having different hardnesseslike a 316 nut and a 304 hex bolthave less tendency to gall. coarse series. For heavy hex bolts, it shall conform to ASTM A 307, Grade B. These are produced across all material categories and astm specifications. As a result, hex bolts are a widely used staple fastener. These Hex Bolts come in the anti-corrosion stainless steel, alloy steel and carbon steel materials which ensures that the structure doesnt weaken because of rust. trailer Hex cap screw shall conform to ASTM A307, ASTM A449, ASTM A354 GRADE BD or SAE J429. These hex bolts meet the requirements of both F1554 Grade 36 and A307 Grade A. (Keep in mind that lubricants reduce friction, which can lead to overtightening.) It has 60 thread angle and Imported fasteners tend to be the least expensive, North America is priced a little higher, and domestic may be the most expensive. Coarse bolts are more common, and there are advantages and disadvantages to both coarse and fine threads. standard. Grade 2 flat washers should only be used with Grade A307 and Grade 2 hex bolts. If severe enough, seizing can occur preventing further rotation of the nut in either direction. Hex head bolts are versatile and adaptable fasteners, making them suitable for a variety of uses across a range of industries and applications. This guide looks at what spanner sets are, how they are used, and the best types for a range of job requirements. A bolted joint will be no stronger than its lowest graded component, so a Grade 2 nut and a Grade 8 bolt will create a Grade 2 joint at best. The ISO metric thread size system is widely used around the world. B1.3-2007 standard. These Hex Bolts can also be used in marine and coastal operations due to its anti-corrosion property. x1 04) :Ljo4C. Stainless Steel 304 / 304H / 304L Fasteners, Stainless Steel 316 / 316H / 316L Fasteners, Hop Dip Galvanized (HDG) phosphorization, Zinc Plated (Yellow, White, Blue, Black), Geomet, Black Oxide, anodization, Dacroment, Zinc-Nickel plated, Nickel plated, Tin Plated, Brass Plated, Copper Plated, Black Plated, Salt fog test, Gold Plated. Other materials and grades - The bearing surface under the head of hex cap screw is flat and washer faced

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